یونوو لیوچا

Classification and Origin

Category: itiye eliluhlaza lasezintabeni eziphakeme; kumqondo wezentengiselwano — izinga/ifomu, hhayi i-cultivar ehlukile.

Lúshān Yúnwù (庐山云雾茶, Lúshān yúnwù chá).

Nányuè Yúnwù (南岳云雾, Nányuè yúnwù) ephuma entabeni i-Héngshān (衡山, Héngshān), e-Hunan; Yīngshān Yúnwù (英山云雾, Yīngshān yúnwù), e-Hubei; Huádǐng Yúnwù (华顶云雾, Huádǐng yúnwù) ephuma ezintabeni zase-Tiāntái (天台山, Tiāntái Shān), e-Zhejiang.

intaba i-Lúshān (庐山, Lúshān), isifunda sedolobha i-Jiǔjiāng (九江, Jiǔjiāng), isifundazwe sase-Jiāngxī (江西省, Jiāngxī Shěng).

Type: itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, lǜchá) — ngaphandle kokuvutshelwa, nokumiswa kokuluhlaza ngokushisa.

Facts

Facts: Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo

• Intaba i-Lushan ifakwe ohlwini lwe-UNESCO World Heritage njengendawo yamasiko, "nolwandle lwamafu" lwalo kungenye yezindawo ezaziwa kakhulu zaseShayina.
• Igama elithi "yunwu" — yincazelo yendawo, hhayi uhlobo olulodwa: ngaphansi kwalo kuhlanganiswe amatiye avela ezifundazweni ezahlukene.
• Ngenxa yesimo sezulu esibandayo ukuvunwa kwe-yunwu yasezintabeni eziphakeme kuvame ukushelela kuMeyi, kanti iningi lamatiye aluhlaza adumile livunwa entwasahlobo yokuqala.
• Ubumnandi bokunambitheka kwamatiye "amafu nenkungu" kufinyelelwa ngendlela efanayo yemvelo nasetiyeni elinomthunzi: ukukhanya okuhlakazekile kongela ama-amino acid futhi kuvimbele ukuqongelelwa kwama-catechin.

Ekuphetheni:

I-Yunwu Lǜchá — akulona itiye elilodwa nje, kodwa umndeni wonke wamatiye aluhlaza asezintabeni eziphakeme, igama lawo liqamba ngokwethembeka isimo esiyinhloko sokuvela kwawo: amafu nenkungu emithambekeni yezintaba ezipholile. Yindawo ngokwayo, hhayi i-cultivar eyivelakancane, eyakha isimo sayo esiyaziwayo — iqabunga elinoboya elithambile, ukungena okukhanyayo nokugqamile, ukunambitheka okuthambile nokunoshukela kanye nokunambitheka okuhlanzekile ngaphandle kobunzima.

Ngokugcwele kakhulu lezi zimfanelo ziqukethwe yi-Lúshān Yúnwù evela entabeni i-Lushan, kodwa umgomo othi "ezintabeni eziphakeme phakathi kwamafu kuzalwa itiye elihle" usebenza nakubafowabo base-Hunan, e-Hubei nase-Zhejiang. Kulowo owazisa itiye eliluhlaza elizolile, elisha futhi elilinganiselayo, i-

History and Culture

intaba i-Lushan kudala yayiyisizinda sobuBuddha nobuDao; ukutshalwa kwetiye lapha ngokwesiko kuxhunyaniswa nemiphakathi yezindela.

intaba ixhunyaniswa negama lendlovukazi u-Huìyuǎn (慧远, Huìyuǎn), umsunguli we-monastery i-Dōnglínsì (东林寺, Dōnglínsì); izingadi zasemonasteri zithathwa njengezinye zezokuqala zetiye emithambekeni.

e-Lushan kwakuhlala imbongi u-Bái Jūyì (白居易, Bái Jūyì), owayedingiselwe e-Jiangzhou; emibhalweni yakhe kukhulunywa ngetiye lendawo kanye nendawo yakhe yokuhlala ayakha.

Name Breakdown: igama elithi "yunwu" letiye lase-Lushan laqiniswa ngesikhathi samadynasty akamuva, lapho imvelaphi yasezintabeni eziphakeme yaba uphawu oluyinhloko lokwahlukanisa.

Botany and Raw Material

ikakhulukazi ukutshalwa kwendawo okuyizimbumba (群体种, qúntǐzhǒng), kanye nama-cultivar ahlukaniselwe izifunda etiye eliluhlaza.

ihlumela elineqabunga elilodwa (一芽一叶, yī yá yī yè) emabangeni aphezulu, ihlumela elinamaqabunga amabili (一芽二叶, yī yá èr yè) kwamajwayelekile.

amahlumela amancane ambozwe kakhulu uboya obusiliva (毫, háo), okuphawulekayo etiyeni eliphekiwe.

Cultivar: isihlahla setiye (Camellia sinensis var. sinensis) — uhlobo olunamaqabunga amancane.

Terroir

Altitude: izingadi eziyinhloko zase-Lushan — cishe amamitha angu-500–1200 ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle.

Soil: inhlabathi yezintaba ene-acidic, ekhipha amanzi kahle, ecebile ngezinto eziphilayo.

amafu avamile kanye nenkungu, umswakama ophezulu, umehluko omkhulu wamazinga okushisa phakathi kwemini nobusuku.

ukwanda kokukhanya okuhlakazekile ngenxa yesembozo samafu.

Production

ukufudumeza kweqabunga ukuze kumiswe i-oxidation; ngokuvamile ukugazinga ekoteleni.

ukunyakazisa kwesisindo ukuze sipholise ngokulinganayo.

ukwakhiwa kwamaseli kanye nomumo wokuqala weqabunga.

ukunikeza amaqabunga etiye umumo oqinile oyisici.

inqubo eveza ubulele obusiliva.

ukuletha kumswakama ozinzile.

Organoleptic Profile

amaqabunga etiye asongwe aminyene anombala oluhlaza okotshani omnyama nobulele obusiliva.

elisha, elinamanothi ezimbali kanye namanothi amancane amantongomane e-castanea, "nokuhlanzeka" okupholile okuyisici sezintaba eziphakeme.

okusobala, okuphuzi okuluhlaza okukhanyayo, okugqamile.

okuthambile, okugcwele, okunobumnandi obugqamile kanye nokunambitheka okuhlanzekile okuhlala isikhathi eside (回甘, huígān).

elithambile, elilinganayo, elinombala oluhlaza ophilayo.

Chemical Composition

Amino Acids: amanani aphakeme, acishe abe ngu-3–5 %, enengxenye ephezulu ye-theanine (茶氨酸, chá'ānsuān).

cishe ama-18–25 %.

cishe u-2.5–4 %.

kuhlanganise ne-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) njengenhloko.

amavithamini, izinto zamaminerali, izinhlanganisela ezinuka kamnandi.

Health Notes

ama-catechin, ngaphezu kwakho konke i-EGCG, abamba iqhaza ekuhlanganiseni ama-radical akhululekile.

inhlanganisela ye-caffeine ne-theanine inikeza umphumela wokuthokozisa ngaphandle kobukhali.

i-extractivity ephansi yenza isiphuzo sifanelekele ukuphuzwa njalo.

Brewing

cishe amagremu angu-3 eqabunga ku-150 ml, okungukuthi cishe u-1:50.

ngetiye elithambile elinoboya kuhle "ukuthela phezulu" (上投法, shàngtóufǎ) — kuqala amanzi, bese kuba iqabunga, noma "okumaphakathi" (中投法, zhōngtóufǎ).

ukungena kokuqala kufushane, okulandelayo kunwetshwa kancane kancane; kumelana nokwenziwa oku-2–3 okugcwele.

Teaware: ingilazi yengilazi (玻璃杯, bōli bēi) — ukubuka ukuvuleka kweqabunga, noma i-gaiwan (盖碗, gàiwǎn).

Water Temperature: cishe u-80–85 °C; amanzi abilayo enza ukunambitheka kube mabi futhi akhulise ubumuncu.

Storage

Container: ukupakishwa okuvaleka ngokuqinile, okungangeni ukukhanya noma ibhakede.

Shelf Life: itiye eliluhlaza liphuzwa lisemusha; kuhle phakathi kwezinyanga eziyi-12–18 emva kokuvuna.

ukuphola, ukoma, ukungabikho kwephunga langaphandle kanye nokukhanya okuqondile.

ukugcina isikhathi eside kuvunyelwe ukugcina ku-0–5 °C, impela ekupakisheni okuvaleke ngokuqinile.

Price and Authenticity

incike kakhulu ezingeni nasemvelaphi; iqabunga langempela lasezintabeni eziphakeme libiza kakhulu kunetiye eliluhlaza lasemathafeni.

itiye eliluhlaza lasemathafeni, elenziwe ngathi ngelasezintabeni eziphakeme, noma itiye elivela ngaphandle kwesifunda esivikelwe ngaphansi kophawu "Lúshān".

izimemezelo nge-Lushan yunwu "yangaphambi kwe-Qingming" kufanele zixwayise, njengoba ukuvuna kwangempela lapha kwenzeka kamuva.